Below is a curated selection of peer-reviewed research papers organised by category.

Each listing includes the article title, publication details, and a direct link to the study on PubMed.

Anti-Aging

Aging and Exercise Performance
Mahler, D. A., Cunningham, L. N., & Curfman, G. D. (1986). Clinics in Geriatric Medicine. Link to Article

The Normobaric Oxygen Paradox—Hyperoxic Hypoxic Paradox: A Novel Strategy in Hematopoiesis and Tissue Regeneration.
Balestra, C., Rocco, M., Pieri, M., et al. (2022). International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(1), 82. Link to Article

Explores how intermittent exposure to normobaric hyperoxia triggers the body’s natural regenerative mechanisms, boosting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and promoting capillary proliferation and tissue repair without cellular stress.

The Remarkable Anti-Aging Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Systemic Arteries.
Seals, D. R., Walker, A. E., Pierce, G. L., & Lesniewski, L. A. (2014). The Journal of Physiology, 592(10), 2121–2141. Link to Article

Demonstrates how combining cardiovascular exercise with increased oxygen availability restores microvascular endothelial function, reverses arterial stiffness, and reduces systemic oxidative stress in aging vascular systems.

Older brains receive less oxygen than they demand – Link

Inflammation

Oxygen Supplementation Increases the Total Work and Muscle Damage Markers but Reduces the Inflammatory Response in COPD Patients.
Andrade, D. R., Pinto, K. C., de Castro, J. S., et al. (2020). Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology.
Link to Article

Oxygen Therapy Enhances the Systemic Inflammatory Response in a Human Model of Experimental Inflammation.
International Journal of Cardiology Heart & Vasculature (2025). Link to Article

Mitochondria and Cellular Energy

Stay Fit, Stay Young: Mitochondria in Movement: The Role of Exercise in the New Mitochondrial Paradigm.
Huertas, J. R., Casuso, R. A., Agustín, P. H., & Cogliati, S. (2019). Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity.
Link to Article

Mitochondria and Oxygen Homeostasis.
Mori, M. P., Penjweini, R., Knutson, J. R., Wang, P. M., & Hwang, P. M. (2021). The FEBS Journal. Link to Article

Chronic Fatigue

Exercise Therapy for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2024). Link to Article

Comprehensive review evaluating structured, controlled aerobic exercise therapies in adult patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), highlighting measurable reductions in daily fatigue and functional exhaustion when tailored to avoid post-exertional malaise.

Cancer

Exercise Therapy: An Effective Approach to Mitigate the Risk of Cancer.
.Chen, X. et al. (2025). Link to Article
2× the survival rate at 18 months in tumors with higher oxygen status – Link

Role of Hyperoxic Treatment in Cancer.
Experimental Biology and Medicine (2020). Link to Article

Examines how hyperoxic oxygen therapy counteracts tumor hypoxia—a key driver of cancer progression, aggressive growth, and therapy resistance—thereby suppressing tumor proliferation and restoring immune cell function.

Low oxygen can cause tumors to spread – Link

Oxygen starvation can cause cancer to spread – Link

Brain and Mental Performance

The Effect of Acute Normobaric Hyperoxia on Cognition: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression.
Shaw, D. M., Bloomfield, P. M., & Gant, N. (2023). Physiology & Behavior, 267, 114208. Link to Article

Consolidated evidence showing that short-term normobaric hyperoxia increases blood-oxygen availability to support elevated metabolic demand in brain regions involved in executive function and processing speed.

Autonomic and Cognitive Function Response to Normobaric Hyperoxia Exposure in Healthy Subjects.
Kujawski, S., Słomko, J., Morten, K., Murovska, M., Buszko, K., Newton, J., & Zalewski, P. (2020). Medicina, 56(4), 172. Link to Article

Demonstrates that supplemental normobaric hyperoxia improves cerebral blood flow and tissue oxygenation, positively influencing cognitive processing.

Exercise-Induced Elevated BDNF Concentration Seems to Prevent Cognitive Impairment. Chroboczek, M., Kujach, S., Łuszczyk, M., Soya, H., & Laskowski, R. (2023). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3629. Link to Article

Examines how physical exercise paired with controlled oxygen delivery triggers brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) release, supporting neuroplasticity and cognitive preservation.

Relationship of Cognitive Function with Oxygenated Haemoglobin Concentration Difference in Prefrontal Cortex During Exercise.
Qin, W., Kojima, S., Morishita, S., Qu, D., Huang, L., & Tsubaki, A. (2024). Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 119–125. Link to Article

Shows that maintaining high prefrontal cortex oxygenated hemoglobin concentrations during exercise directly correlates with enhanced cognitive output and mental execution.

Athletic Performance

Hyperoxia for Performance and Training.
Sperlich, B., Zinner, C., Hauser, A., Holmberg, H. C., & Wegrzyk, J. (2017). Sports Medicine. Link to Article

Examines how breathing hyperoxic oxygen mixtures during exercise increases oxygen transport capacity, power output, lactate metabolism, and work tolerance while reducing central fatigue.

Hyperoxia Improves Repeated-Sprint Ability and the Associated Training Load in Athletes. Cyr-Kirk, S. et al. (2022). Frontiers in Sports and Active Living. Link to Article

Demonstrates that breathing 40% oxygen during high-intensity intermittent sprinting enhances muscle re-oxygenation fluxes, reduces heart rate stress, and significantly increases total mechanical work capacity.

Effects of Exercise Training with Intermittent Hyperoxic Intervention on Endurance Performance. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness (2024). Link to Article

Shows that exercise training under short-duration hyperoxia enhances endurance capacity by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis (TFAM) and improving fatty acid and pyruvate metabolism.

Oxygen Supplementation Increases the Total Work and Muscle Damage Markers but Reduces the Inflammatory Response.
Andrade, D. R. et al. (2020). Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology. Link to Article

Demonstrates that oxygen delivery during physical exercise increases total work capacity while lowering systemic inflammatory stress responses.